Instrument Used To Examine Interior Of Bladder

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• [GET] Instrument Used To Examine Interior Of Bladder

  Knowing the tumor or disease was present did not remove the necessity of surgical diagnosis. Clearly, a method was needed to look into the body to observe a pathologic condition as it existed rather than as a shadow on an x-ray plate. As early as ,...

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• [DOWNLOAD] Instrument Used To Examine Interior Of Bladder | updated!

  Technology available by the late s, however, solved these problems and allowed a specialty to begin that today is widespread and beneficial. The space age brought on the science of fiber optics , long strands of glass that could carry light and...

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• Otoscope Vs. Endoscope

  The patient usually is in and out of the treatment facility the same day and the recovery from such minor surgery is rapid. Like any other surgery, endoscopy is carried out in a sterile environment. The patient is positioned and appropriate anesthetic is administered. Often the area to be examined is filled with saline to expand the interior space and lift the overlying tissues from the area being examined. Saline is a mild salt solution. Through a small incision the tip of the endoscope is inserted into the joint space.

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• Glossary Of Medical Terms

  The end of the endoscope being held by the surgeon has a "joy stick," a lever that protrudes and that can be used to guide the tip of the endoscope from one area into another. A second endoscope may be needed to assist with surgery, provide more light, maintain the saline environment, or for any of a number of other reasons. Using the lever the physician moves the tip of the endoscope with the TV camera from one area to another, examining the structures within the joint as he goes. The use of the endoscope to penetrate joints is called arthroscopy. It is an especially useful procedure in sports medicine where athletes often suffer knee injuries as the result of running, jumping, or being tackled. The ligaments that hold the lower leg bone, the tibia, to the upper leg bone, the femur, can be ruptured if the knee is twisted or hit from the side.

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• Biology Prefixes And Suffixes: -scope

  Arthroscopy allows the surgeon to examine the details of the injury, determine whether a more radical procedure is needed, and if not, to repair the torn ligaments and remove any loose material from the joint using the arthroscope. The athlete will require a few weeks of physical therapy to regain full strength, but the actual surgery can be completed in only a short time and he will be out of the hospital the same day he enters. The laparoscope or peritoneoscope so named because it penetrates the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity is used to examine the interior of the abdomen. The tip of the scope with the TV camera attached can be guided around, above, and underneath the organs of the abdomen to determine the source of bleeding, the site of a tumor, or the probable cause of an illness. In the case of gallstones, which form in the gallbladder near the liver, the gallbladder can be removed using the surgical attachments.

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• Adult Bedwetting Causes And Treatments | NAFC

  Suturing the stump of the gallbladder can also be accomplished using the attachments. To examine the inner surface of the lower digestive tract the scope used is the sigmoidoscope. It can be passed into the colon to examine the walls of the intestine for possible cancer or other abnormal structures. Obviously, the physician using the endoscope must be highly knowledgeable about anatomy. Human anatomy as it appears through the lens of the scope is considerably different from its appearance on the page of a book or during open surgery. The physician must be able to recognize structures, which may appear distorted through the lens of the endoscope, to determine the location of the tip of the endoscope and to know where to maneuver the scope next.

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• Procedures List

  Training is carried out under the guidance of a physician who has extensive experience with the endoscope. Resources Bechtel, S. Frandzel, S. Larry Blaser. Arthroscope —Literally, "to examine the joint. Sometimes called the arthroendoscope. Pathology —An abnormality or disease; differing from healthy. Peritoneum —A thin, fibrous sheet that lines the abdomen. Additional topics.

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• Instruments

  As fluid fills the bladder, it stretches the bladder wall. This lets your provider see the entire bladder wall. You will feel the need to urinate when the bladder is full. However, the bladder must stay full until the exam is finished. If any tissue looks abnormal, a small sample can be taken biopsy through the tube. This sample will be sent to a lab to be tested. How to Prepare for the Test Ask your provider if you should stop taking any medicines that could thin your blood. The procedure may be done in a hospital or surgery center. In that case, you will need to have someone take you home afterward.

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• Cystoscopy & Ureteroscopy

  The urologist will explain what the patient can expect after the procedure. The patient may need to give a urine sample to test for a urinary tract infection UTI. If the patient has a UTI, the urologist may treat the infection with antibiotics before performing a cystoscopy. The urologist or nurse may ask the patient to drink plenty of liquids, and to urinate immediately before the procedure. What happens during a cystoscopy procedure? The cystoscopy procedure usually takes about 30 minutes and is done on an outpatient basis.

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• Urinary System

  The urologist will recommend that the patient empty his or her bladder before the procedure begins. The step-by-step process may be similar to this: The patient will be lying on an exam table. The urologist will gently insert the cystoscope through the urethra into the bladder. The patient may feel discomfort or a pressure sensation. The cystoscope is a long, thin tube with a lens on one end that the urologist looks through or, on a camera-equipped scope, visualizes on a monitor. The other end of the cystoscope that is inserted into the urethra has a tiny lens with a light that allows the urologist to look inside the urethra and bladder. There are two types of cystoscopes.

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• How Endoscopy Founded Modern Urology

  One has a flexible insertion tube, while the other is stiff. Once the cystoscope is inserted, the urologist will need to instill some sterile water or a normal saline solution from the cystoscope into the bladder. As the liquid enters the bladder, the patient may again feel some discomfort as well as the urge to urinate. If necessary, the urologist can remove some of the liquid from the bladder during the procedure. During the brief procedure, the urologist examines the lining of the urethra as the cystoscope passes through it and then into the bladder. Once the cystoscope reaches the bladder, the urologist examines the lining of the bladder. During the procedure, the urologist can remove a bladder stone or take a biopsy if needed. What does the urologist look for during a cystoscopy? The urologist will be looking for anything that appears unusual. The bladder wall should be smooth, and there should not be any blockages in the lower urinary tract.

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• Cystoscope | Definition Of Cystoscope By Medical Dictionary

  During a cystoscopy, the urologist is able to see: Bladder stones: A small stone-like mass that forms from minerals in the urine. It usually forms when urine does not completely leave the bladder and the minerals in the urine crystallize. If not treated, they can cause pain and lead to blood in the urine. A stone can also cause a blockage so that urine cannot leave the bladder. Abnormal tissue, polyps, tumors, or cancer in the urethra or bladder Stricture, or a narrowing of the urethra: This could be a symptom of an enlarged prostate in men or of scar tissue in the urethra. During the cystoscopy, can the urologist treat some problems? During a cystoscopy, the urologist may be able to treat minor problems such as bleeding in the bladder or blockage in the urethra.

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• Cystoscopy, Bladder, Urethra, Exam

  The urologist may also use a cystoscopy to: Remove a small stone in the bladder or urethra. Remove or treat abnormal tissue, polyps, and certain tumors. Inject medication into the urethra wall or the bladder to treat urinary leakage. Results and Follow-Up What happens after the cystoscopy procedure? Sometimes after a cystoscopy procedure, the patient may: Feel a burning or soreness around the urethra.

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• Minimally Invasive Procedures

  Feel slight burning while urinating. Notice small flecks of blood in the urine. Feel mild discomfort in the bladder area or kidney area when urinating. Need to urinate frequently or urgently. These problems should not last more than a day after the procedure. If pain persists, bloody urine lasts longer than 48 hours, or the patient develops a fever, the patient should call the doctor.

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• Procedures - Advanced Veterinary Internal Medicine

  Occasionally, the patient may have an increase in urinary frequency for the first 24 hours after the procedure. There may be also a change in the color of the urine it may be darker, or look pink or red due to mild bleeding. This is common, especially if a biopsy was taken. After the procedure, the urologist may recommend that the patient: Drink 16 ounces of water each hour for 2 hours after the procedure. Take a warm bath to help ease the burning feeling.

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• Penn Foster - Introduction To Veterinary Terminology Flashcards

  Place a warm, damp washcloth over the urethral opening to relieve discomfort. Take an over-the-counter pain medicine. If necessary, the urologist may prescribe an antibiotic to take for a couple of days after the procedure to prevent an infection. Additional Details What are the risks of cystoscopy? Although minimal, the risks of cystoscopy may include: Urinary tract infections UTI.

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• Otoscope Vs. Endoscope - What's The Difference? | Ask Difference

  The scope can be inserted through the oral or nasal cavity. The pharynx, larynx, and trachea can be seen as the bronchoscope goes through to the bronchi. Using the flexible bronchoscope, the interior segmental and subsegmental bronchi can be visualized. The endoscopist looks for irregular bronchial folds, mucosal thickening, stenosis , friable tissue , and many other abnormalities such a tumor mass. Normally, biopsies bronchial washings are obtained during a bronchoscopic exam. A proctoscopy is often done using a rigid scope. A sigmoidoscope is more flexible and can be used to observe the colon, up into the descending colon at greater than 30 cm. In the past, rigid sigmoidscopes were often used but they have been replaced with flexible sigmoidoscopes. Flexible scopes allow greater visualization of the sigmoid colon. A fiberoptic colonoscope is a flexible instrument that examines the colon to the cecum. Often, the physician will photograph and biopsy any abnormalities or suspicious areas seen during colonoscopy.

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• Male Cystoscopy

  A cytoscope is used to examine the interior of the bladder. It is inserted through the urethra, so the urethra can also be examined. Abnormalities can be surgically removed or electrocauterized during the cystoscopic procedure. The entire endoscopic procedure report must be read to obtain pertinent information. Endoscopic reports define certain observations, tumor location, pertinent findings, diagnosis, or the impressions of cancer. For example, colonoscopy reports should state the distance of the abnormality from the anal verge. Esophagoscopy reports should state the distance of the abnormality from the incisors to help determine the exact location of the tumor. Any biopsies or washings sent for microscopic examination should be noted. It is important to locate copies of the pathology and cytology reports to confirm the diagnosis of cancer.

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• Cystoscopies - Definition Of Cystoscopies By The Free Dictionary

  Some endoscopic procedures can be accomplished through natural openings in the body. Others must be performed through incisions into the body. For example, thoracoscopy is used to examine the pleural cavity. The instrument is inserted through an intercostal space. Mediastinoscopy is performed through an incision in the neck and allows visualization of the area between the lungs. The mediastinal lymph nodes that are examined for potential involvement by metastatic cancer can determine the unresectability of a lung cancer. Laparoscopy , performed through an incision in the abdominal wall, allows the visualization of intra-abdominal structures. Laparoscopy is useful in gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancies to diagnose both the primary organ and metastatic involvement.

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• Cystoscopy Video Uk

  Needle biopsies of the liver are often done under the direct visualization of the laparoscope. Some surgeries can be completed as laparoscopic or lararoscope-aided procedures. A culdoscopy incision is made through posterior vaginal wall and allows visualization of the cul-de-sac. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram ERCP allows direct visualization and contrast x-rays of the ampulla of Vater and the duodenal mucosal ERCP is helpful in diagnosing both pancreatic and bile duct cancers.

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• Shared Flashcard Set

  Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia. However, the date of retrieval is often important. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Endoscope views updated May 21 Endoscope Definition An endoscope is characterized by its often long, thin sometimes flexible lighted tube containing fiber-optical instrumentation attached to a viewing device through which one may closely observe, via the naked eye or an attached camera, the surface of a canal or hollow organ in the body. Purpose The endoscope is often used as a form of less invasive monitoring of the body instead of, or in conjunction with, surgery.

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• Bronchoscopy

  Endoscopic surgery minimizes pain, hospital stays, and recovery time, which is good for patients. Its use is also promoted by health insurance companies and hospital administrators inclined toward reduced costs as well as to offer the best treatment options technology can provide. Description The endoscope is a generalization of a broad variety of fiber-optical scopes used to elucidate diverse aspects of the body to medical practitioners for various purposes. Endoscopes come in two main categories: rigid and flexible. The rigid endoscope is designed with a rigid insertion tube and is preferred over flexible endoscopes when feasible because the rigidity allows use of optics that permit greater resolution and the absence of a visible lattice structure.

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• Cystoscopy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

  However, it is more difficult to design and construct a rigid endoscope, which entails using lenses rather than fibers to transmit the image externally to the user or to a camera. The objective component is inserted directly into the body with a lighting constituent and focuses an image onto the two-dimensional surface of the array of fibers. These fibers, on the order of 10 micrometers, are bundled in groups of hundreds of thousands. Each pixel of a picture can be associated with a fiber in a one-to-one fashion of input light that is transferred from the objective end through the optical fiber relay, and magnified by the ocular to an output image on camera or seen with the naked eye. The elegant aspect is that these fibers may be twisted and flexed without damaging the image, which proves to be an integral element in many types of endoscopy.

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• How Endoscopy Founded Modern Urology | SpringerLink

  The optical layout discussed above has been simplified considerably; for spherical, chromatic, and other optical aberrations must be dealt with in order to manufacture a functional endoscope. Not only must endoscopes be precisely organized optically, but great care must be taken to ensure their biocompatibility, since they come in close contact with extremely sensitive internal body surfaces. Accordingly, biocompatibility is of prime importance to the United States Food and Drug Administration FDA , which considers endoscopes to be "short-term mucosal contacting, externally communicating devices and testing [for approval of use] should include, but is not limited to, mucosal irritation, sensitization, cytotoxicity, acute systemic toxicity, and short-term implantation.

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• Instruments - Didusch Museum

  The latter generally involves use of miniature video cameras and minute surgical instrumentation, often electrosurgical equipment, forceps, or biopsy attachments. While fiberoptic technology utilizes extremely thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit light through repeated internal reflection along the optical fiber lengths for image formation and visualization, other forms of endoscopy have surfaced. Electronic endoscopes, which do not require fiber optics yet possess a field-of-view identical to the fiber-optic endoscope as well as similar controls depressible by finger-tip, i. These devices boast a mounted computer chip in reality three chips for red, blue, and green light on the tip.

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